Sofia Almeida·
Stress-tested our US expansion and called it fragile-but-recoverable, with the one data point worth buying first
Test decision robustness against assumption uncertainty using tornado diagrams, scenario switching points, and Monte Carlo simulation design.
Decision Sensitivity & Robustness Analyzer
You are a decision risk analyst specializing in stress-testing business decisions. Help me understand how robust my decision is against uncertainty.\n\nDECISION: {{decision_made_or_considering}}\nBASE CASE EXPECTED OUTCOME: {{base_case_assumption}}\nKEY UNCERTAINTIES: {{what_could_be_different_than_assumed}}\nDECISION STAKES: {{what_rides_on_getting_this_right}}\n\nOUTPUT — Sensitivity & Robustness Analysis:\n\n## 1. ASSUMPTION INVENTORY\nCatalog all key assumptions underlying the decision:\n\n| # | Assumption | Base Case Value | Optimistic | Pessimistic | Evidence Strength | Who Owns This Assumption? |\n|---|-----------|----------------|------------|-------------|------------------|---------------------------|\n\nCategorize assumptions:\n- **Known Knowns**: High confidence, evidence-backed\n- **Known Unknowns**: Acknowledged uncertainty, can be researched\n- **Unknown Knowns**: Unexamined assumptions, cultural/biased\n- **Unknown Unknowns**: True blind spots, need external perspective\n\n## 2. TORNADO DIAGRAM ANALYSIS\nRank assumptions by impact on decision outcome:\n\n| Rank | Assumption | Low Value | Base Value | High Value | Outcome at Low | Outcome at High | Swing (Max-Min) | Critical? |\n|------|-----------|-----------|------------|------------|---------------|----------------|-----------------|-----------|\n\nPresent as text-based tornado diagram (highest swing at top, lowest at bottom):\n```\nAssumption A |<===========|===========>| [Large swing] ← MOST CRITICAL\nAssumption B | <=====|=====> | [Medium swing]\nAssumption C | <===|===> | [Small swing] ← LEAST CRITICAL\n```\n\n## 3. SCENARIO SWITCHING ANALYSIS\nFor the top 3 critical assumptions, find the 'break-even' point:\n\n**Assumption X: [Name]**\n- Current value: [X]\n- Break-even value: [Y] (at this point, decision flips)\n- Distance to break-even: [Y - X] = [Z] units ([P]% change)\n- Likelihood of reaching break-even: [High/Med/Low]\n- If break-even is close: Decision is fragile → Need more information or hedge\n- If break-even is far: Decision is robust → Proceed with confidence\n\n## 4. SCENARIO MATRIX\nCombine top 2 uncertainties into a 2x2 scenario matrix:\n\n| | Assumption A: High | Assumption A: Low |\n|----|----|----|\n| **Assumption B: High** | Scenario 1: [Name + outcome] | Scenario 2: [Name + outcome] |\n| **Assumption B: Low** | Scenario 3: [Name + outcome] | Scenario 4: [Name + outcome] |\n\nFor each scenario:\n- Narrative description (what does this world look like?)\n- Decision outcome (should we still proceed?)\n- Probability estimate (based on available evidence)\n- Optimal strategy for that scenario\n\n## 5. MONTE CARLO SIMULATION DESIGN\nIf the decision warrants deeper analysis, design a simulation:\n\n**Input distributions** (for each key variable):\n| Variable | Distribution Type | Parameters | Rationale for Distribution |\n|----------|-------------------|-----------|--------------------------|\n\nDistribution types: [Normal / Triangular / Uniform / Beta / Lognormal / Discrete]\n\n**Simulation parameters**:\n- Number of iterations: [10,000 recommended]\n- Random seed: [For reproducibility]\n- Output metric: [NPV, IRR, Payback period, Success rate, etc.]\n- Correlations between inputs: [Which variables move together?]\n\n**Expected outputs to calculate**:\n- Mean, median, and standard deviation of outcome\n- Probability of positive outcome (%)\n- Probability of catastrophic outcome (%)\n- Value at Risk (VaR): Worst 5% of outcomes = $X loss\n- Conditional Value at Risk (CVaR): Average of worst 5% = $Y loss\n\n## 6. INFORMATION VALUE ANALYSIS\nWhich uncertainties are worth resolving before deciding?\n\n| Uncertainty | Cost to Resolve | Impact on Decision | Value of Information | Worth Resolving? | How to Resolve |\n|-------------|----------------|-------------------|---------------------|-----------------|---------------|\n\nIf value of information > cost to resolve → Gather more data\nIf value of information < cost to resolve → Decide with current info\n\n## 7. ROBUSTNESS SCORECARD\n\n| Criterion | Assessment | Score |\n|-----------|-----------|-------|\n| Decision holds in all scenarios? | [Yes / No / Partially] | |\n| Break-even points are far away? | [Yes / No / Borderline] | |\n| Downside is acceptable if wrong? | [Yes / No / No — catastrophic] | |\n| Can reverse if assumptions fail? | [Yes / No / Partially] | |\n| Key stakeholders agree on base case? | [Yes / No / Split] | |\n\n**OVERALL ROBUSTNESS**: [Robust / Moderately Robust / Fragile / Very Fragile]\n\n## 8. DECISION ADAPTATION STRATEGY\nIf decision is NOT robust:\n- **Hedge strategies**: Actions to limit downside if assumptions fail\n- **Real options**: What options can we preserve for future flexibility?\n- **Conditional paths**: 'If [assumption X] turns out to be [value], then we pivot to [Y]'\n- **Information gathering plan**: Priority research to reduce key uncertainties\n- **Review triggers**: Specific metrics/events that should trigger a decision review
Ergebnisse
# Robustness Analysis — Entering the US Market Next Year
**Decision:** open a US sales office in 12 months. **Base case:** $2M revenue year one. **Stakes:** $1.5M setup + brand exposure.
## 1. Assumption Inventory
| # | Assumption | Base | Optimistic | Pessimistic | Evidence |
|---|-----------|------|------------|-------------|----------|
| 1 | Deals closed yr1 | 40 | 60 | 20 | Pipeline extrapolation (weak) |
| 2 | Avg deal size | $50k | $65k | $38k | EU benchmark (moderate) |
| 3 | Sales-cycle length | 4 mo | 3 mo | 7 mo | Analogous (moderate) |
## 2. Tornado (by swing on yr-1 revenue)
```
Deals closed |<=============|=============>| ← MOST CRITICAL
Sales-cycle length| <========|========> |
Avg deal size | <=====|=====> | ← least
```
## 3. Switching Analysis
Break-even is ~24 deals at base deal size. Pessimistic (20) sits **below** break-even → the decision is fragile on the deals assumption.
## 4. Scenario Matrix
| | Cycle short | Cycle long |
|--|------------|------------|
| **Many deals** | Hit plan early | Cash-tight but fine |
| **Few deals** | Survive | Loss → consider exit |
## 5. Monte Carlo Design
Inputs: deals ~Triangular(20,40,60); deal size ~Normal(50k, 8k); cycle ~Triangular(3,4,7). 10,000 iterations. Outputs: P(revenue > $1.5M setp), VaR at 5%.
## 6. Robustness Scorecard
Holds in all scenarios? No. Downside acceptable? Yes (recoverable). Reversible? Mostly. → **Fragile but recoverable.**
## 7. Adaptation Strategy
De-risk before committing: run a 3-month US lead-gen test to tighten the "deals closed" estimate (highest-value information). Stage the office hire behind a pipeline trigger of 15 qualified opps.
Modell: GPT-4o
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